Haranira cyane gushimangira ishingiro ryubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ishoramari ry’amahanga

Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'uyu mwaka, ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu bucuruzi bw'igihugu cyanjye mu bicuruzwa byiyongereyeho 10.7% umwaka ushize, kandi imikoreshereze nyayo y'ishoramari ryo mu mahanga yiyongereyeho 25,6% umwaka ushize.Haba ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ishoramari ry’amahanga byageze ku “ntangiriro ihamye” hamwe no kuzamuka kwimibare ibiri.Muri icyo gihe, twakagombye kumenya ko, kuri ubu, icyorezo gishya cy’umusonga w’umusonga n’ikibazo cya Ukraine cyateje ibibazo n’ibibazo byiyongera.Ingaruka ziterwa nimpamvu nyinshi zimbere n’imbere, igitutu ku gihugu cyanjye cyo guhagarika ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ishoramari ry’amahanga cyiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara.Kubera iyo mpamvu, inama iherutse kuba muri Biro ya Politiki ya Komite Nkuru ya CPC yashimangiye ko “icyorezo kigomba gukumirwa, ubukungu bugomba guhungabana, kandi iterambere rigomba kuba umutekano.”Muri icyo gihe, hagaragajwe ko “ari ngombwa kubahiriza iyagurwa ry’urwego rwo hejuru kandi tugasubiza mu buryo bworoshye ibigo by’amahanga gukora ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa.n'ibindi bisabwa gushimangira ishingiro ry'ubucuruzi bw'amahanga n'ishoramari ryo hanze. ”Inama y’itumanaho ku rwego rw’igihugu mu guteza imbere iterambere rihamye ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ishoramari ry’amahanga ryabaye ku ya 9 Gicurasi ryasabye ko ari ngombwa kwiga byimazeyo no gushyira mu bikorwa umwuka w’amabwiriza y’umunyamabanga mukuru Xi Jinping, kandi tugaharanira cyane gushimangira ishingiro ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ububanyi n’amahanga; ishoramari.

Iterambere rifunguye ninzira yonyine igihugu cyatera imbere kandi kigatera imbere.Kuva Kongere y’igihugu ya 18 y’ishyaka rya gikomunisiti ry’Ubushinwa, igihugu cyanjye cyafashe iyubakwa ry’umushinga w’umukandara n’umuhanda, giteza imbere iyubakwa ry’imikorere mishya y’ubukungu ifunguye ku rwego rushya, kandi ryinjira mu bukungu bw’isi ufite ibitekerezo bifunguye kandi byihuta cyane, kandi imbaraga zubukungu bwigihugu zakomeje gusimbuka.urwego rushya.Mu 2021, igihugu cyanjye cyose cy’ubukungu kizaba hafi 77% by’Amerika, bingana na 18% by’ubukungu bw’isi.Kugeza ubu, igihugu cyanjye cyashizeho uburyo bushya aho inganda zikora zifungura ahanini, kandi inganda zita ku buhinzi zirakingurwa kandi zikomeza, zitanga umwanya mugari w’iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ndetse n’inganda zishora imari mu mahanga.Mu bihe by’ibihe bishya, guharanira byimazeyo gushimangira ishingiro ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ishoramari ry’amahanga, birakenewe ko dusobanukirwa neza imvugo y’iterambere ry’iterambere ry’umutekano n’umutekano mu bukungu, gushimangira no kunoza uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi z’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga kandi ishoramari ry’amahanga, kandi uhore utezimbere ibidukikije byiterambere byubucuruzi n’amahanga n’ishoramari ry’amahanga mu gihugu cyanjye.

Iterambere n'umutekano ni amababa abiri yumubiri umwe ninziga ebyiri zo gutwara.Iterambere ryuguruye numutekano wubukungu birahuza kandi biraterana inkunga, kandi hariho isano ya hafi kandi igoye imvugo.Ku ruhande rumwe, gukingurira isi n’iterambere ry’ubukungu ni ishingiro ry’ibintu n’ingwate y’umutekano w’ubukungu.Gufungura bizana iterambere, mugihe gufunga byanze bikunze bizasubira inyuma.Mu kinyejana cya 21 cy’isi yose, ntibishoboka ko ibihugu byafunzwe bigera ku iterambere ry’igihe kirekire mu bukungu, kandi iterambere ry’ubukungu rikiri inyuma cyane, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ihungabana byanze bikunze bizaba bike.Uyu ni umutekano muke cyane.Ku rundi ruhande, umutekano w’ubukungu ni ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu yugurure isi n’iterambere ry’ubukungu.Gufungura amahanga bigomba gufatwa neza, kandi bigomba guhuzwa n’ubukungu bw’igihugu mu rwego rw’ubukungu ndetse no guhangana n’ihungabana.Kutagira ibihe no gufungura uburangare mbere yigihe ntibizabura gusa kuzana iterambere rihamye ryubukungu, ariko birashobora no guhungabanya no kudindiza iterambere ryubukungu.

Mbere na mbere, ni ngombwa kwirinda guhuriza hamwe umutekano w’ubukungu, no gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zifatika zo gufungura hashingiwe ku guharanira umutekano w’ubukungu bw’igihugu.Gukora akazi keza mu guhungabanya ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, icy'ibanze ni ugucamo inzitizi n’ingorabahizi, guharanira ko umusaruro uva n’izunguruka mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, hibandwa ku buryo bunoze kandi bunoze bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa by’amahanga, kandi kora ibishoboka byose kugirango uburinganire n'ubwuzuzanye by’inganda z’ubucuruzi n’amahanga bitangwa.Mu gihe giciriritse kandi kirekire, tugomba kwibanda ku mirimo itatu: icya mbere, kurushaho guteza imbere ubwisanzure no korohereza ubucuruzi n’ishoramari, gushishikariza iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa by’umurongo umwe, uburinganire bumwe n’ubuziranenge, no guteza imbere guhuriza hamwe ubucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu n’amahanga;kabiri, gushiraho igihugu cyambukiranya imipaka mugihe gikwiye.Urutonde rubi rwubucuruzi muri serivisi, kwagura no gushimangira ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga nka serivisi za sisitemu na serivisi zihariye, no guteza imbere ingingo nshya z’iterambere mu bucuruzi muri serivisi;icya gatatu, guteza imbere cyane kwinjira mu masezerano y’ubufatanye bwa Digital Economy hamwe n’amasezerano y’ubufatanye n’iterambere ryambukiranya imipaka ya Pasifika kugira ngo yihutishe Kubaka urusobe rw’isi yose y’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye mu bucuruzi.

Gukora akazi keza mu guhagarika ishoramari ry’amahanga, icy'ibanze ni ugushimangira no kunoza ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’uburyo bwo guhuza ishoramari ry’amahanga, gusubiza byimazeyo ibyifuzo bishya by’inganda zatewe inkunga n’amahanga, no guhuza no kubikemura mu gihe gikwiye, bityo nko kubafasha kugera ku bikorwa bihamye kandi bifite gahunda kandi bigahuza neza imishinga isanzwe iterwa inkunga n’amahanga.Mu gihe giciriritse kandi kirekire, dukwiye kwibanda ku mirimo ibiri: icya mbere, kurushaho kugabanya urutonde rubi rwo kubona ishoramari ry’amahanga, kwihutisha iterambere ry’ifungura ry’inzego, no guteza imbere irushanwa ryiza hagati y’abakinnyi bo mu gihugu n’amahanga.Iya kabiri ni uguhuza n’amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubukungu n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, guhuza no guteza imbere iyubakwa ry’imishinga itandukanye ifunguye nka Zone y’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwigenga, icyambu cy’ubucuruzi cya Hainan, n’imbere y’imbere y’ubukungu bw’indege, no gushyiraho umusozi mushya kuri gufungura hamwe nubucuruzi bwiza.Ibidukikije bikurura imari mpuzamahanga mpuzamahanga gushora imari mugihugu cyanjye.

Icya kabiri, birakenewe gukumira ihungabana ryumutekano wubukungu, kubaka sisitemu yubwishingizi bwumutekano, no kubungabunga umutekano wubukungu mugihe cyiterambere ryuguruye.Iya mbere ni ugutezimbere gahunda y’umutekano y’igihugu ku ishoramari ry’amahanga dushyira mu bikorwa byimazeyo gahunda yo gusuzuma amarushanwa akwiye, guhindura no kunoza urugero rw’isuzuma ry’umutekano w’ishoramari ry’amahanga, n'ibindi. Iya kabiri ni ugutezimbere amategeko n'amabwiriza abigenga, gushimangira kurwanya monopoliya no irushanwa ryo kurwanya akarengane mu bukungu bwa digitale, gukumira neza ingaruka, no gukomeza irushanwa ryiza ku isoko.Icya gatatu ni ukorohereza ubushishozi kubona isoko ry’imari y’amahanga mu nganda zihariye, no gukomeza kugumana imipaka y’ishoramari ry’amahanga mu turere tworoshye twerekeye umutekano w’igihugu.

Niba udahakanye urujya n'uruza rw'abantu, uzaba uruzi ninyanja.Mu myaka 40 ishize ivugurura no gufungura, gufungura isi byateje imbere iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu cyanjye kandi bishyiraho “Igitangaza cy’Ubushinwa” cyashimishije isi yose.Imbere y’ibihe bigoye, tugomba kubaka byimazeyo uburyo bushya bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru bw’ubukungu bwifunguye, dukomeza gushimangira gufungura ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibintu, gushimangira ishingiro ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga n’ishoramari ry’amahanga, kandi tugakomeza guteza imbere kugarura ubukungu bwisi no kubaka ubukungu bwisi bwuguruye.gutanga umusanzu w'ingenzi mu Bushinwa.

By Shirley Fu