1.Ibihe bigenda bitwara ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja

1.1 Igipimo cy’imizigo yo mu nyanja gikomeje kwiyongera

Fata uruganda rwacu urugero, uruganda rwacu hafi yicyambu cya Fuzhou nicyambu cya Xiamen.

FUZHOU -Los Angeles igera kuri USD 15,000 / 18.700

Xiamen-CARTAGENA, CO igera kuri USD 12,550 / 13,000. Mbere ya Covid-19, ntarenze USD 2,400 / 40HC.

CCFI, iki cyerekezo kigaragaza ihindagurika ry’igiciro cy’imizigo ku isoko ryohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa.

Igitabo giheruka cyerekana ibicuruzwa bitwara ibicuruzwa bya Shanghai (SCFI) byacitse ku nshuro ya mbere ku nshuro ya mbere.

Umubare wabaye munsi y 1.000 mugihe kinini mumyaka icumi ishize, ariko uyumwaka ukomeza guca amateka, ukarenga 3.000 muri Gicurasi, ukagera kuri 4100 ku ya 23 Nyakanga.

Dukurikije icyifuzo gikomeye cyane muri Amerika kandi n’ubucucike bukabije ku byambu ku isi, icyerekezo cyerekana ibimenyetso bike byo kugabanuka.

1.2 Ibiciro by'imizigo biriyongerantabwo ari imizigo gusa, ahubwo no kunyuramozitandukanyeamafaranga.

Nyakanga ntirarengana, isosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa yatangiye muri Kanama n'ikindi cyiciro cyo kuzamuka kw'ibiciro, isosiyete itwara ibicuruzwa nayo igenda iba myinshi.Usibye inyongeramusaruro zabanjirije iyi (GRI), igihembwe cyo hejuru (PSS), iki gihe cyanashyizeho amafaranga mashya - amafaranga yongerewe agaciro (VAD)

Hapeg-Lloyd: Guhera ku ya 15 Kanama, hazongerwaho umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (VAD)Ubushinwa bwohereza muri Amerika na Kanadaaho berekeza muri Amerika no muri Kanada.Turakwishyuza $ 4,000 yinyongera kubintu bya metero 20 na 5,000 $ kubintu bya metero 40.

MSC: Guhera ku ya 1 Nzeri, amafaranga yo gusesa azakoreshwa ku bicuruzwa byoherejwe hanzeUbushinwa bw'Amajyepfo na Hong Kong muri Amerika na Kanada.Ibisobanuro ni ibi bikurikira:

USD 800/20 dv;USD 1000/40 dv;

USD 1125/40 hc;USD 1266/45 '

1.3 Ndetse ubone umwanya wubwato ku gipimo kinini cyo gutwara ibintu, kontineri imwe iracyagoye kubona.

Mubice byinshi byu Bushinwa, kubura cyane kontineri bimaze igihe kirekire, byatumye izamuka ry’ibiciro byoherezwa mu nyanja.

Mu ijambo, ikibazo cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu nyanja muri iki gihe ni:

- Kohereza ingendo zigihe

- igipimo cyintambara kiri hejuru cyane,

–Kwohereza ibicuruzwa bigoye kubona.

2.Kuki igipimo cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa gikomeza kwiyongera?

Isoko ntirihagije kubisabwa

Ku isoko rya kontineri iriho, ikibazo gifatika ni uko kontineri ishobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi kera ntishobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi ubu.

Kuva mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa bikomeje kwiyongera, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongera, ibikenerwa mu gihugu birakomeye, kandi hamwe no koroshya icyorezo mu Burayi no muri Amerika, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga birihuta cyane, icyarimwe, imbaraga zo gupakira no gupakurura icyambu ntizihagije, umubare munini wibikoresho byegeranijwe ku cyambu, ibicuruzwa byoherejwe hanze yubusa muri rusange biratinda, ntamwanya wo gutaha kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo.Ubushobozi bwo kohereza burakomeye kandi ibiciro bitwara ibicuruzwa bikomeje kwiyongera.

Ibyambu 116 byavuzwe ko byuzuye

Ijambo "ubwinshi" rikunze kuvugwa.Ubwinshi bw’ibyambu bwakwirakwiriye ku byambu bikomeye ku isi, hamwe n’amato menshi ya kontineri ategereje ibyambu ku migabane itanu.

Ikarita yasohowe na SeapExplorer ku ya 22 Nyakanga, yerekana ibintu biriho ubu byerekana umuvuduko ukabije ku byambu bya kontineri ku isi.

Kugeza ubu, amato 328 yahagaritswe ku byambu, naho ibyambu 116 byagaragaje ibibazo nk'ubucucike.

Ibyambu bikuru by’Uburayi biri mu gihirahiro

Imodoka zitwara abagenzi mu byambu byo mu burengerazuba bwa Amerika zikomeje guca amateka

Kuva muri Werurwe, ubwinshi bw’icyambu cyo mu burengerazuba bwa Amerika ntabwo bwigeze bumera neza.Kurugero, kuva Mutarama kugeza Gicurasi 2021, Los Angeles na Long Beach bari bafite impuzandengo yubwato bwa kontineri 53.9 kumunsi, harimo ibyo kubyara hamwe na ankeri, inshuro 3,6 kurwego rwa COVID-19.

Ntabwo bishoboka ko ibintu byiharira monopoliste.

Ihuriro ry’ibicuruzwa 3 ku isi bigenzura 80% by isoko ryo kohereza.

Ihuriro 2M: Abanyamuryango bingenzi: ①Maersk ②MSC

Ihuriro ry’inyanja: Abanyamuryango nyamukuru: ① OOCL② COSCO③ EMC④ CMA Itsinda (harimo ANL, APL)

Ihuriro: Abanyamuryango nyamukuru: ① UMWE (ugizwe na MOL, NYK, Kline) ② YML ③ HPL (+ UASC)

Tuvuze kuri ibyo, urukurikirane rw'ibibazo, nk'ibura rya kontineri n'amato, amaherezo biterwa no gukira gutandukanye kw'ibihugu byo ku isi munsi y'icyorezo.Ibi bibazo bizakemuka neza mugihe ubukungu bwisi bwifashe neza.

Turagira inama abo dukorana mu mahanga:

1. Witondere ihinduka ryibiciro byubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja.Kora gahunda yo kugura mbere ya against ihindagurika ryubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja.

1. Ku bafatanyabikorwa bakunze gukoresha amagambo ya FOB, niba ubikeneye, turashobora kandi gusaba abashinzwe gutwara ibicuruzwa byiwacu kugirango bakemure ibicuruzwa kugirango bafashe abakiriya gusuzuma.

—— Byanditswe na: Mason Xue